vogelalbum/detector/species_info_en.py

"""English species profiles.

Deliberately written rather than translated. A profile that reads like a
translation reads badly — the German text leans on words like „Futterhaus"
and „Streuobstwiese" that have no clean equivalent, and the facts worth
telling differ slightly for an English-speaking reader.

Same shape as ``species_info.py``: category, two paragraphs, and the short
fields. Keys must match the slugs in ``species_de.py``.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

from dataclasses import dataclass

# Type names as shown in the interface. The keys match TYPES in species_info.
TYPE_NAMES_EN = {
    "meise": "Tit",
    "fink": "Finch",
    "sperling": "Sparrow",
    "drossel": "Thrush",
    "schnaepper": "Chat",
    "grasmuecke": "Warbler",
    "specht": "Woodpecker",
    "rabenvogel": "Corvid",
    "taube": "Pigeon",
    "schwalbe": "Swallow",
    "greifvogel": "Raptor",
    "eule": "Owl",
    "klettervogel": "Climber",
    "buschvogel": "Skulker",
    "stelze": "Wagtail",
    "ammer": "Bunting",
}

ZUG_EN = {
    "stand": "Resident",
    "teil": "Partial migrant",
    "zug": "Migrant",
}

RARITY_EN = {
    "haeufig": "Common",
    "gelegentlich": "Occasional",
    "selten": "Rare",
    "episch": "Epic",
    "legendaer": "Legendary",
}


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class InfoEN:
    kategorie: str
    nahrung: str
    lebensraum: str
    stimme: str
    text: str


# fmt: off
INFO_EN: dict[str, InfoEN] = {

"kohlmeise": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Loudest in the Garden",
    nahrung="Caterpillars and insects in summer, seeds and fat in winter",
    lebensraum="Gardens, parks and woodland — anywhere with a cavity to nest in",
    stimme="A bright “tea-cher, tea-cher”, like a squeaky bicycle pump",
    text=(
        "The bird most people notice first at a feeder. It is the largest tit in "
        "Europe, unmistakable with its black head, white cheeks and yellow belly. "
        "The black stripe running down that belly tells you the sex: broad and "
        "reaching between the legs on a male, narrow and often broken on a female."
        "\n\n"
        "Great Tits have a remarkably large vocabulary — more than forty distinct "
        "calls have been described, which is why birders say that anything you "
        "cannot place is probably a Great Tit. They are also problem solvers. In "
        "1920s Britain they learned to pierce the foil caps of doorstep milk "
        "bottles, and the trick spread across the country as one bird copied another."
    ),
),

"blaumeise": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Ultraviolet Signal",
    nahrung="Aphids and caterpillars, seeds and nuts in winter",
    lebensraum="Broadleaf woodland and mature gardens",
    stimme="A quick, tinkling “tsee-tsee-tsirrr”",
    text=(
        "Smaller and rounder than a Great Tit, with a blue cap, blue wings and a "
        "dark line through the eye that looks like a bandit's mask. The belly is "
        "yellow, though paler than its larger cousin's."
        "\n\n"
        "What we see is only half the story. The blue crown reflects ultraviolet "
        "light, and Blue Tits can see into the ultraviolet. To another Blue Tit "
        "that patch blazes far brighter than it does to us — and the brighter it "
        "is, the more attractive. Females choose mates partly on a colour that "
        "human eyes cannot detect at all."
    ),
),

"tannenmeise": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Hoarder",
    nahrung="Spruce seeds and small insects",
    lebensraum="Conifer woodland, gardens in winter",
    stimme="A high, two-note “see-too see-too”, faster than a Great Tit",
    text=(
        "The smallest tit here at just nine grams. The head is black like a Great "
        "Tit's, but with a white patch on the nape — that is the reliable mark. "
        "The underparts are buff rather than yellow."
        "\n\n"
        "Coal Tits cache food for winter, hiding seeds one at a time in bark "
        "crevices, and remember hundreds of sites for weeks. The part of the brain "
        "responsible measurably grows in autumn and shrinks again in spring."
    ),
),

"schwanzmeise": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Cotton Ball on a Stick",
    nahrung="Tiny insects, spiders, aphid eggs",
    lebensraum="Scrub, hedgerows and woodland edges",
    stimme="A thin “srrih-srrih”, usually from a whole passing party",
    text=(
        "A ball of feathers with a tail longer than the rest of the bird. "
        "Long-tailed Tits almost never travel alone — where there is one, eight "
        "more are on the way."
        "\n\n"
        "Their nest is among the finest structures built by any European bird: a "
        "closed pouch of moss and lichen lined with up to two thousand feathers "
        "and bound with spider silk, which stretches as the chicks grow. In winter "
        "they roost pressed together in a row along a branch — eight grams cannot "
        "survive a frosty night any other way."
    ),
),

"haussperling": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Lodger",
    nahrung="Seeds and scraps, insects for the chicks",
    lebensraum="Villages and cities — almost always alongside people",
    stimme="The familiar “cheep”, usually a chorus from inside a hedge",
    text=(
        "The house sparrow. Males wear a grey cap and a black bib; females are "
        "plain brown with a pale stripe behind the eye. The species has lived "
        "alongside humans for over ten thousand years and is scarcely found "
        "anywhere people are not."
        "\n\n"
        "Despite its abundance it is in trouble. Renovated facades leave no "
        "crevices to nest in and sealed surfaces produce no insects for the young. "
        "In some European cities the population has more than halved since 1990."
    ),
),

"feldsperling": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The One With the Ear Spot",
    nahrung="Seeds and grain, insects while breeding",
    lebensraum="Field margins, orchards, village edges",
    stimme="Like a House Sparrow but higher and sharper",
    text=(
        "At a glance a sparrow, at second glance considerably smarter: a chestnut "
        "cap instead of grey, and a clean black spot in the middle of a white "
        "cheek. No other bird here has that ear patch."
        "\n\n"
        "Unlike the House Sparrow, males and females look identical. The Tree "
        "Sparrow is shyer and keeps its distance from buildings — if one turns up "
        "at your feeder, there is usually farmland or an old orchard nearby."
    ),
),

"amsel": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Early Riser",
    nahrung="Earthworms and insects, berries and windfall fruit in autumn",
    lebensraum="Gardens, parks and woodland — one of the great adapters",
    stimme="A rich, fluting song from a high perch, often before sunrise",
    text=(
        "Males are jet black with a bright yellow bill and eye-ring; females are "
        "an unassuming dark brown with a mottled breast. Anyone who sees a “brown "
        "blackbird” is looking at a female, not another species."
        "\n\n"
        "The Blackbird was originally a shy forest bird. It only moved into towns "
        "in the nineteenth century, and city birds now behave measurably "
        "differently from their woodland relatives: they sing at a higher pitch to "
        "cut through traffic noise, start earlier because street lights bring the "
        "day forward, and let people approach within two metres."
    ),
),

"singdrossel": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Snail Smasher",
    nahrung="Snails, worms and berries",
    lebensraum="Woodland with dense undergrowth, larger gardens",
    stimme="Short phrases, each repeated two to four times — the giveaway",
    text=(
        "Brown above, cream below with dark arrowhead spots. Smaller and neater "
        "than a Blackbird, and a warmer shade of brown."
        "\n\n"
        "Song Thrushes use a tool, or more precisely an anvil. They carry snails "
        "to a favoured stone and hammer the shells open on it. A stone ringed with "
        "broken snail shells is a thrush's anvil, and the same birds often use it "
        "for years."
    ),
),

"wacholderdrossel": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Winter Visitor",
    nahrung="Berries, fallen fruit, worms",
    lebensraum="Open country; large winter flocks in gardens",
    stimme="A harsh “shack-shack-shack”, usually in flight",
    text=(
        "Grey head, chestnut back, spotted yellowish breast. In winter they "
        "descend on apple trees and berry bushes in flocks — twenty thrushes "
        "appearing in a garden in January are almost certainly Fieldfares."
        "\n\n"
        "They defend their nests with a method worth seeing once: the whole colony "
        "bombards crows and raptors with droppings, aimed and in volume. It mats "
        "the plumage so thoroughly that an attacker can be grounded."
    ),
),

"star": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Impressionist",
    nahrung="Insects and grubs, masses of berries in autumn",
    lebensraum="Open country with trees, towns, pasture",
    stimme="A wild medley of whistles, rattles and borrowed sounds",
    text=(
        "Black from a distance; up close a metallic green and purple sheen flecked "
        "with pale spots. Heavily spotted in winter, the pale feather tips wear "
        "away by spring and the bird turns almost uniformly glossy."
        "\n\n"
        "Starlings mimic whatever they hear: other species, phone ringtones, car "
        "alarms, lawnmowers. Their murmurations are famous — tens of thousands of "
        "birds moving as one cloud. Each individual tracks only its seven nearest "
        "neighbours; the shape of the whole flock emerges from that alone."
    ),
),

"rotkehlchen": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Territory Holder",
    nahrung="Insects, worms and berries — follows the spade",
    lebensraum="Undergrowth, hedges, gardens with cover",
    stimme="A wistful, silvery song, sung through winter and at dusk",
    text=(
        "The orange-red breast runs up into the face; the rest is olive-brown. "
        "Males and females are identical. Young Robins have no red at all, which "
        "keeps their own parents from treating them as rivals."
        "\n\n"
        "For despite the friendly reputation, Robins are uncompromising. They hold "
        "territory year-round and will attack their own reflection. In experiments "
        "they attack a bare tuft of red feathers. Up to a tenth of adult Robins "
        "die in fights with their own kind."
    ),
),

"hausrotschwanz": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Gutter Dweller",
    nahrung="Insects, some berries in autumn",
    lebensraum="Buildings, quarries, industrial sites — originally cliffs",
    stimme="A scratchy song that sounds like gravel being shaken",
    text=(
        "Dark grey to almost black with a rust-red tail that it shivers "
        "constantly. That shivering is the surest way to name it at fifty metres. "
        "Females are plain grey-brown but share the same red tail."
        "\n\n"
        "It originally nested on mountain cliffs. Houses, barns and factory halls "
        "are cliffs with better engineering, and most of the population now lives "
        "in settlements. It is among the first to sing in the morning, often "
        "before the Blackbird."
    ),
),

"gartenrotschwanz": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Long-Haul Flier",
    nahrung="Insects taken in flight or from the ground",
    lebensraum="Old orchards, open woodland, mature gardens",
    stimme="A short, melancholy phrase with a distinctive twist at the end",
    text=(
        "Far more colourful than its cousin: the male has a black throat, white "
        "forehead, grey back and a burning orange breast. A bird worth going out "
        "of your way for."
        "\n\n"
        "It winters in the Sahel south of the Sahara — some five thousand "
        "kilometres each way for a bird of fifteen grams. Numbers have fallen "
        "sharply because two things failed at once: old orchard trees with "
        "cavities here, and rainfall in the Sahel there."
    ),
),

"trauerschnaepper": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Nest Box Tenant",
    nahrung="Flying insects caught on the wing",
    lebensraum="Broadleaf woodland, parks, gardens with nest boxes",
    stimme="A simple, slightly wooden “zick-zick tru-tru”",
    text=(
        "In spring the male is crisply black and white with a white forehead spot "
        "and a bold wing panel. Females and autumn males are brown — the same "
        "species, an entirely different impression."
        "\n\n"
        "It takes to nest boxes more readily than almost any other species, which "
        "has made it one of the best-studied birds in Europe. Its problem is "
        "climate change: it times its departure from Africa by day length, but the "
        "caterpillars its chicks depend on now hatch earlier in the warmth. It "
        "increasingly arrives after its own banquet has ended."
    ),
),

"grauschnaepper": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Sit-and-Wait Hunter",
    nahrung="Flies, midges and moths — taken exclusively in flight",
    lebensraum="Woodland edges, gardens, churchyards",
    stimme="A thin, unremarkable “tsri” that is easy to miss",
    text=(
        "Nondescript grey-brown with fine streaking on the breast. Easy to "
        "overlook, but the behaviour gives it away: it sits upright on an open "
        "perch, launches, snaps up a fly and returns to exactly the same twig. "
        "Again and again."
        "\n\n"
        "You can sometimes hear the bill snap shut. It is among the last migrants "
        "to return in spring — rarely before mid-May, because before then there "
        "simply is not enough flying."
    ),
),

"buchfink": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The One With an Accent",
    nahrung="Seeds, insects for the chicks",
    lebensraum="Woodland, gardens and parks — one of Europe's commonest birds",
    stimme="A descending rattle finishing with a flourish",
    text=(
        "The male has a blue-grey cap, a russet breast and two bold white wing "
        "bars. Females are olive-brown but show the same white bars, which is how "
        "you name them in flight."
        "\n\n"
        "Chaffinches have regional dialects. A bird from Bavaria sings measurably "
        "differently from one in Schleswig-Holstein, and the boundaries between "
        "dialects can be drawn on a map. Young finches learn the song from their "
        "neighbours; one raised in isolation manages only a stammer."
    ),
),

"gruenfink": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Seed Cracker",
    nahrung="Large, hard seeds — sunflower hearts above all",
    lebensraum="Gardens, parks, churchyards",
    stimme="A drawn-out, nasal “dzweee” like a slow squeak",
    text=(
        "Olive-green with yellow flashes along wing and tail that catch the light "
        "in flight. Males are a stronger yellow-green, females greyer."
        "\n\n"
        "Its heavy conical bill cracks sunflower seeds that defeat the tits. At a "
        "feeder it is dominant and drives smaller birds off the best spot. One "
        "caution: Greenfinches are particularly prone to trichomonosis, which "
        "spreads through soiled food and water. Cleaning feeders regularly matters."
    ),
),

"stieglitz": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Thistle Specialist",
    nahrung="Thistle and teasel seeds, alder and birch seed",
    lebensraum="Rough ground with tall herbs, orchards, wilder gardens",
    stimme="A bright, tinkling call, cheerful and unmistakable",
    text=(
        "The most colourful finch here: a scarlet face, a black-and-white head and "
        "a broad golden wing bar. Males and females look nearly the same."
        "\n\n"
        "Its long, fine bill reaches seeds inside thistles and teasels that "
        "nothing else can get at. So if you want Goldfinches, the single most "
        "useful thing is to leave dead flower heads standing over winter. A tidy "
        "garden is an empty larder to them."
    ),
),

"erlenzeisig": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Irruption Guest",
    nahrung="Alder and birch seed, spruce seed",
    lebensraum="Conifer and mixed woodland; alders and feeders in winter",
    stimme="A wheezy “tsooee” and constant chatter within the flock",
    text=(
        "Small, yellow-green and finely streaked, the male with a black cap. They "
        "hang upside down from alder cones the way tits hang from a fat ball."
        "\n\n"
        "Some winters they are everywhere, others almost absent. It depends on the "
        "spruce and alder seed crop further north: when it fails, whole "
        "populations move south. Such irruption years cannot be predicted."
    ),
),

"gimpel": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Bullfinch",
    nahrung="Buds, seeds and berries — fruit tree buds in spring",
    lebensraum="Conifer woodland, gardens with hedges, churchyards",
    stimme="A soft, mournful “deu” — quiet and easy to miss",
    text=(
        "The male carries the strongest colour of the whole winter half-year: a "
        "glowing rose-red breast, black cap, grey back and a white rump. Females "
        "are grey-brown instead of red but marked identically."
        "\n\n"
        "Bullfinches are strikingly calm and not especially shy — they can be "
        "watched at length and rarely flush in a hurry. Pairs often stay together "
        "for life and keep close contact even within a winter flock."
    ),
),

"girlitz": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Smallest",
    nahrung="Very small seeds of herbs and grasses",
    lebensraum="Settlements with conifers, vineyards, churchyards",
    stimme="A hurried, jangling whirr like clockwork running down",
    text=(
        "Europe's smallest finch at eleven grams. Yellow-green, heavily streaked, "
        "with a very short blunt bill — that is what separates it from a Siskin."
        "\n\n"
        "It spread north from the Mediterranean only in the nineteenth century. "
        "Its song flight is worth watching: it flutters over its territory like a "
        "butterfly, with slow, exaggerated wingbeats."
    ),
),

"kleiber": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Upside-Down Walker",
    nahrung="Insects from bark, nuts and seeds in winter",
    lebensraum="Mature broadleaf woodland, parks, gardens with big trees",
    stimme="A loud, ringing “twit-twit-twit”, carrying surprisingly far",
    text=(
        "Blue-grey above, buff-orange below, with a black eye-stripe, a short tail "
        "and a strong pointed bill. It looks like a small woodpecker without the "
        "prop of a stiff tail."
        "\n\n"
        "It is the only bird here that can walk head-first down a tree trunk — "
        "woodpeckers and treecreepers only manage upwards. Its German name comes "
        "from plastering: if the entrance to its nest hole is too wide, it walls "
        "it in with mud to the size it wants."
    ),
),

"zaunkoenig": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Loudest per Gram",
    nahrung="Spiders and small insects from ground cover",
    lebensraum="Dense scrub, brush piles, stream banks, wild garden corners",
    stimme="A startlingly loud, ringing trill — up to 90 decibels",
    text=(
        "Tiny, round and rust-brown, with the tail cocked steeply upward. Nine "
        "grams, and one of the loudest birds in Europe — relative to body size, "
        "the loudest of all."
        "\n\n"
        "The male builds several nests and leads the female round so she can pick "
        "one; the rest serve as winter roosts. In hard frost more than a dozen "
        "Wrens have been found packed into a single such ball. It lives in ground "
        "cover, so a garden cleared of every bramble loses it."
    ),
),

"heckenbraunelle": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Understated One",
    nahrung="Small insects, fine seeds in winter",
    lebensraum="Hedges, scrub, densely planted gardens",
    stimme="A quick, even warble with no clear melody",
    text=(
        "At first glance a sparrow; at second glance far finer — a slender bill "
        "instead of a stout cone, a grey head and breast, a streaked brown back. "
        "It creeps mouse-like along the ground beneath bushes."
        "\n\n"
        "Behind that grey exterior sits the most complicated love life in the "
        "garden. Dunnocks often live in threes or larger arrangements, females "
        "with several males and the reverse. Males feed the chicks in proportion "
        "to how likely they are to be the father."
    ),
),

"moenchsgrasmuecke": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Black Cap",
    nahrung="Insects in summer, berries and elder in autumn",
    lebensraum="Undergrowth, hedges, gardens with shrubs",
    stimme="Quiet chatter building to a clear, fluting finish",
    text=(
        "Grey and unremarkable except for the cap: black on males, red-brown on "
        "females. A rare case where the sexes are unambiguous and both handsome."
        "\n\n"
        "Its migration is changing in front of us. A growing share of the central "
        "European population now winters in Britain rather than Spain, drawn by "
        "garden feeding. Those birds return earlier in spring and take the best "
        "territories. Evolution at speed, set off by bird feeders."
    ),
),

"zilpzalp": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The One That Says Its Name",
    nahrung="Tiny insects and larvae gleaned from foliage",
    lebensraum="Woodland with undergrowth, gardens, parks",
    stimme="Exactly what it is named for: “chiff-chaff-chiff-chaff”",
    text=(
        "A tiny olive-green bird with no obvious features — barely separable from "
        "a Willow Warbler by eye. There is one mark: dark legs. The Willow Warbler "
        "has pale ones."
        "\n\n"
        "Fortunately you do not need to see it. The song is so distinctive that "
        "the bird is named after it in several languages, and it is among the "
        "first migrants back in spring. The first chiff-chaff in March means "
        "winter is over."
    ),
),

"buntspecht": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Drummer",
    nahrung="Grubs from deadwood, conifer seeds, fat in winter",
    lebensraum="All woodland types, parks, gardens with old trees",
    stimme="A sharp “kick”, and in spring a fast drum roll on dead wood",
    text=(
        "Black and white with a vivid red vent. The male has a red patch on the "
        "nape, the female none; juveniles have an entirely red crown."
        "\n\n"
        "Drumming, it strikes up to twenty times a second at a deceleration of "
        "around a thousand times gravity. The skull works as a shock absorber: "
        "spongy bone at the forehead, a hyoid that wraps right around the "
        "braincase, and a brain packed so tightly it cannot slosh. The drumming "
        "is not feeding, incidentally — it is song, and it marks territory."
    ),
),

"gruenspecht": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Ant Hunter",
    nahrung="Ants, almost exclusively, summer and winter",
    lebensraum="Old orchards, parks, gardens with short grass",
    stimme="A loud ringing laugh — the “yaffle”, audible across the garden",
    text=(
        "Large and green with a red crown and a black facial mask. The male's "
        "moustache has a red centre; the female's is solid black."
        "\n\n"
        "It behaves unusually for a woodpecker: rather than chiselling wood it "
        "spends most of its time on the lawn, digging out ant nests. Its tongue is "
        "up to ten centimetres long, sticky and barbed. In winter it tunnels "
        "through snow to reach nests, which makes hard frosts more dangerous for "
        "it than for most species."
    ),
),

"elster": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Self-Recogniser",
    nahrung="Anything — insects, carrion, scraps, eggs, fruit",
    lebensraum="Settlements and open country with scattered trees",
    stimme="A hard, rattling “chack-a-chack-chack”",
    text=(
        "Black and white with a long tail that shows metallic green and violet in "
        "sunlight. Unmistakable."
        "\n\n"
        "Magpies pass the mirror test: given a coloured mark on the throat that "
        "they can only see in a mirror, they try to remove it. They recognise "
        "themselves — something otherwise shown only in great apes, dolphins and "
        "elephants. The reputation as an egg thief is overstated: studies find no "
        "measurable effect on songbird populations. Habitat loss and domestic cats "
        "do that."
    ),
),

"eichelhaeher": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Forest Planter",
    nahrung="Acorns and beech mast, insects and eggs in summer",
    lebensraum="Broadleaf and mixed woodland, gardens in winter",
    stimme="A harsh, screeching alarm — the burglar alarm of the woods",
    text=(
        "Pinkish-brown with a black-and-white head, a white rump, and a barred "
        "blue-and-black wing patch that is among the finest feathers in Europe."
        "\n\n"
        "A single Jay buries up to five thousand acorns each autumn, each in a "
        "different spot. The ones it forgets germinate, which makes it one of the "
        "most important planters of oak woodland, carrying acorns uphill for "
        "kilometres to places they would never reach alone. It is also a fine "
        "mimic, and does a convincing Buzzard."
    ),
),

"dohle": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The One With Pale Eyes",
    nahrung="Insects, seeds and scraps — highly adaptable",
    lebensraum="Church towers, ruins, old trees, city centres",
    stimme="A bright, clipped “kya” — the source of its scientific name",
    text=(
        "The smallest corvid here: slate grey with a black cap and a silver-grey "
        "nape. The striking feature is the eye — pale ice blue, unique among our "
        "crows."
        "\n\n"
        "Jackdaws are strictly monogamous and stay together for life, often more "
        "than ten years. Colonies have a firm pecking order, and a female "
        "automatically assumes her partner's rank on pairing. Konrad Lorenz "
        "studied social behaviour in Jackdaws and called them the most political "
        "birds he knew."
    ),
),

"rabenkraehe": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Toolmaker",
    nahrung="Genuinely anything — carrion, insects, grain, refuse, eggs",
    lebensraum="Everywhere: fields, woods, cities, car parks",
    stimme="The familiar harsh “caw”, usually three times",
    text=(
        "All black with a heavy bill, recognisable in flight by the fingered "
        "wingtips. Not to be confused with the Rook, which has a pale bare patch "
        "at the base of the bill."
        "\n\n"
        "Crows are among the most intelligent animals alive. They drop nuts onto "
        "roads for cars to crack and collect them at pedestrian crossings when the "
        "lights are red. They recognise individual human faces, remember who "
        "wished them harm, and pass that information to other crows — including "
        "ones that were never there."
    ),
),

"kolkrabe": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Largest Songbird",
    nahrung="Carrion, small mammals, eggs, refuse",
    lebensraum="Woodland, crags and open country; avoids settlements",
    stimme="A deep, resonant “kronk”, nothing like a crow's caw",
    text=(
        "Noticeably larger than a Carrion Crow, nearly the size of a Buzzard, with "
        "a wedge-shaped tail, a massive bill and shaggy throat feathers. In flight "
        "it soars and rolls, which crows do not."
        "\n\n"
        "The largest songbird in the world — corvids count as passerines despite "
        "their size. Ravens solve multi-step puzzles that defeat four-year-old "
        "children, plan for the future, and trade objects for better ones. In "
        "nineteenth-century Germany the species was almost exterminated and has "
        "only spread back in recent decades."
    ),
),

"ringeltaube": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Largest of Its Kind",
    nahrung="Seeds, grain, buds and acorns",
    lebensraum="Woodland and farmland, increasingly city parks and gardens",
    stimme="A muffled five-note coo, often all day in summer",
    text=(
        "The largest pigeon here. Blue-grey with a pink breast, a white patch on "
        "the side of the neck and bold white wing bars in flight."
        "\n\n"
        "That white neck patch — the “ring” of the name — is entirely absent in "
        "juveniles and grows in over the first winter. Wood Pigeons feed their "
        "young on crop milk, a nutrient-rich secretion produced by both parents. "
        "That frees them from the insect season, which is why they go on breeding "
        "into October."
    ),
),

"tuerkentaube": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Coloniser",
    nahrung="Seeds, grain, bread scraps",
    lebensraum="Villages, suburbs, gardens with conifers",
    stimme="A monotonous three-note coo, repeated without end",
    text=(
        "Slim and sandy-buff with a narrow black half-collar on the nape. "
        "Distinctly smaller and paler than a Wood Pigeon."
        "\n\n"
        "One of the fastest range expansions ever documented: in 1930 it was "
        "confined to the Balkans, by 1945 it had reached Germany, by 1960 Britain. "
        "It colonised a continent in thirty years without anyone releasing it. Why "
        "it suddenly set off has never been fully explained."
    ),
),

"rauchschwalbe": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Good Omen",
    nahrung="Flying insects, caught exclusively in the air",
    lebensraum="Barns and stables, open country with livestock",
    stimme="A twittering chatter ending in a dry rattle",
    text=(
        "A metallic blue-black back, rust-red throat and forehead, and a deeply "
        "forked tail with long streamers. It nests inside — in stables and barns, "
        "not on an outside wall."
        "\n\n"
        "Barn Swallows do almost everything on the wing: feed, drink, bathe, even "
        "mate. Streamer length signals fitness, and females choose the longest. "
        "Their numbers hang directly on farming — without open stables and insects "
        "over pasture they disappear, and that is exactly what has been happening."
    ),
),

"mehlschwalbe": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Mud Mason",
    nahrung="Flying insects, usually higher up than a Barn Swallow",
    lebensraum="House walls, bridges, colonies on buildings",
    stimme="A dry, rasping twitter",
    text=(
        "Blue-black above, entirely white below, with a conspicuous white rump "
        "that separates it from a Barn Swallow at any distance. The tail is only "
        "shallowly forked, with no streamers."
        "\n\n"
        "Its closed nest under the eaves is built from roughly a thousand mud "
        "pellets, each flown in separately. Puddles and bare mud are therefore its "
        "livelihood — in a sealed new-build estate it simply cannot find building "
        "material. The nests are protected year-round, even when empty."
    ),
),

"mauersegler": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Endless Flier",
    nahrung="Aerial plankton — tiny insects and ballooning spiders",
    lebensraum="Tall buildings, cavities under roofs, towns",
    stimme="A shrill, drawn-out scream over the rooftops on summer evenings",
    text=(
        "Scythe-shaped wings, a short forked tail, uniformly dark brown. Despite "
        "the resemblance it is not a swallow at all but a swift — its closest "
        "relatives are hummingbirds."
        "\n\n"
        "After leaving the nest a young Swift may stay airborne for up to ten "
        "months without landing once: it feeds, drinks, mates and sleeps in "
        "flight, one brain hemisphere at a time. It only lands to breed. Its legs "
        "are so reduced it can barely take off from flat ground. It is here for "
        "about a hundred days a year, early May to early August."
    ),
),

"bachstelze": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Tail Wagger",
    nahrung="Insects picked from the ground while walking",
    lebensraum="Open ground, watersides, car parks, rooftops",
    stimme="A bright “chissick”, usually given in bounding flight",
    text=(
        "Black and white with a long tail and grey back. It walks briskly across "
        "open ground rather than hopping, wagging its tail without pause."
        "\n\n"
        "Why it wags has never been settled. The most convincing explanation is "
        "that it signals to a predator: I have seen you, an attack is not worth "
        "it. In winter Wagtails like to roost communally somewhere warm — "
        "glasshouses, industrial plants, lit city centres."
    ),
),

"goldammer": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The One With the Mnemonic",
    nahrung="Seeds, insects in summer",
    lebensraum="Field margins, hedges, open country with bushes",
    stimme="Remembered in English as “a little bit of bread and no cheeeese”",
    text=(
        "The male has a brilliant yellow head and breast with a chestnut rump. "
        "Females are duller and more heavily streaked."
        "\n\n"
        "It sings from exposed perches, often for hours in the midday heat when "
        "everything else has fallen silent. The song ends on a drawn-out note that "
        "makes the species unmistakable. It is uncommon at feeders — it prefers to "
        "feed on the ground beneath and needs open fields nearby."
    ),
),

"sperber": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Ambush Hunter",
    nahrung="Small birds, taken in flight",
    lebensraum="Woodland, gardens, settlements — hunts feeders deliberately",
    stimme="A rapid “kew-kew-kew”, mostly while breeding",
    text=(
        "Short broad wings and a long tail — built to turn between branches, not "
        "to fly fast in a straight line. Males at 150 grams are far smaller than "
        "females at up to 300, an extreme difference even for a raptor."
        "\n\n"
        "When every bird at a feeder vanishes at once and it stays silent for "
        "minutes, a Sparrowhawk has usually just been through. It hunts from "
        "cover, using hedges and house corners as screens, and is visible only at "
        "the last moment. That is no reason to stop feeding — it belongs there, "
        "and a feeder with cover nearby gives the small birds a fair chance."
    ),
),

"turmfalke": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Hoverer",
    nahrung="Voles, plus large insects and small birds",
    lebensraum="Open country, church towers, tower blocks, motorway verges",
    stimme="A rapid, shrill “kee-kee-kee”",
    text=(
        "A rusty-brown back with dark spots, pointed wings and a long tail. The "
        "male has a grey head and a grey tail with a black band; the female is "
        "barred brown throughout."
        "\n\n"
        "Its hovering flight is unmistakable: it holds station in the air with the "
        "head absolutely still while the body works. What it is looking for we "
        "cannot see — vole urine reflects ultraviolet light, and Kestrels see into "
        "the ultraviolet. To them the runs through the grass glow."
    ),
),

"maeusebussard": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Commonest in the Sky",
    nahrung="Voles, earthworms, carrion — often at the roadside",
    lebensraum="Copses, woodland edges, farmland everywhere",
    stimme="A mewing “peee-ow”, often mistaken for a Red Kite",
    text=(
        "Broad wings, a short rounded tail, and extremely variable plumage from "
        "nearly white to nearly black. Circling over a field with wings held in a "
        "shallow V, it is the commonest raptor in Germany."
        "\n\n"
        "It will of course never perch in a bird house. If the camera catches one "
        "it will be overhead or on a fence post nearby. That is exactly why it "
        "ranks high in this collection: not because it is rare, but because it is "
        "rarely in front of this lens."
    ),
),

"steinkauz": InfoEN(
    kategorie="The Bird of Athena",
    nahrung="Voles, beetles, earthworms",
    lebensraum="Old orchards, pollarded willows, old barns",
    stimme="A plaintive, rising “goooek”, carrying far at night",
    text=(
        "Small and squat with a flat head and piercing yellow eyes under bold "
        "white brows that give it a permanently stern expression. Barely twenty "
        "centimetres tall."
        "\n\n"
        "It was the sacred bird of Athena, which is why an owl still appears on "
        "the Greek one-euro coin — “carrying owls to Athens” traces back to it. "
        "Unlike most owls it is often active by day. In Germany it is "
        "endangered through the loss of old orchards and pollarded willows. In "
        "front of a camera it is the greatest catch imaginable."
    ),
),

}
# fmt: on